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What are some things you can/should cheap out on?
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Unfortunately, generics can vary wildly in efficacy & quality. As @Aradina pointed out, sometimes the encapsulation is different (e.g. extended release coating vs. standard release), but also the form of the drug can differ (e.g. capsule, tablet, softgel, chewable, etc), chemical by-products from different manufacturing techniques may be present in different amounts, and different manufacturing processes can also yield different chiral enantiomer ratios in the end product.
The "same" drug from different manufacturers may vary in effectiveness / side-effects, and brand-name drugs aren't always the best formulations for most patients.
Generics are required to be as efficacious as name brand in the US.
I do not understand your point on encapsulation and the form of the drug. Name brands can have different encapsulations and forms within their own line. That has nothing to do with it being name brand vs. generic.
Was confused by their post too. Not to mention, generics typically say that they're trying to replicate xyz extended release or xyz extra strength.
Let me introduce you to the way the FDA actually works.
As someone who takes Adderall daily and has for many years, I can tell you the Teva brand generics work very well while the malinkrokdt (sp?) in the same dosage do almost nothing, and I crash very fast and need a nap in the afternoon and have to go to sleep early.
Conversely, I got some random Indian-HQ brand from Walmart many years ago (a pink tablet) that kept me up for 3 days. I was begging God for sleep. Placebo or nocebo my ass. Pretty sure someone "accidently" added a methyl group and was overly gracious with the dosage.
The book Bottle Of Lies goes into this much deeper. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/05/12/722216512/bottle-of-lies-exposes-the-dark-side-of-the-generic-drug-boom
But it's also noticable in OTC meds. If you get real, severe inflammatory pain (not 'oh I have le headache'), buy a bottle of ibuprofen from the local dollar store and then buy brand-name Ibuprofen from a big box store, and blind test yourself.
(I may be misremembering the specifics on this part) Generics can only be 80% similar to the brand name in formulation, and often times they use fillers and binders that aren't as good as the formulation created by the R&D department of PharmaCo.
I'm not saying generics do nothing, I'm just saying my boss asks me what's wrong when I can't get my Tevas filled and have to use another manufacturer.