this post was submitted on 16 Aug 2024
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I don't think there is a way to do this without a full reformat and reinstallation. I would be looking for key recovery methods.
I think the main problem is the way data is rotated and managed in any flash device (SSD/NVME), but I'm also writing this to check back and see what others might say.
I think with flash memory management's paging structures, if you want to know that no data is recoverable, the entire drive must have ever available page set to 0xFF. In any other operation, it probably just deletes the index header but not the physical data. Any hex dump of the actual flash memory can be recovered if it is not encrypted. If the entire drive is encrypted, simply deleting the index headers should, in theory, make it nearly impossible to find file entry points even if the person is quite advanced at cracking. At least, I've never seen someone demonstrate this kind of data recovery or vulnerability using tools like Ada or Ghidra. Most of the cracking that I've seen requires some kind of existing structure like unencrypted text strings to find an entry point.
W10 is dead at the end of this year. Just toss Linux on it for more value IMO. Fedora is quite straight forward to install. It just requires a USB with the .iso file. Use balena etcher to write the iso file to a USB flash drive from within Windows. Boot the device into the bootloader menu, either by looking up the key to trigger. It is often either F9 or F12. Then under boot options, be sure USB is active and ahead in the bootable order of devices. Finally reboot with the USB plugged in. It will boot into a live version of Fedora that uses the USB to load into RAM only. It won't install or anything at this stage. You can then check that everything works in the full OS before attempting an install. During the install you can select the advanced options for drive management and fully overwrite the drive. This should take a VERY long time.
Yeah I can install Linux on it, but considering this is a second hand market I'm not sure it would be super easy to sell that way ya know? I just really need money ATM. When I'm employed, I work in cyber security so I'm just paranoid about anything being recovered lol. Maybe I'm putting too much thought into it.
Personally, I always plan on installing Linux. I'm going to wipe the device either way. Showing me that you've tested the thing with Fedora and that secure boot, and all the peripherals work already is a major plus for me. It saves me from doing the research and guesswork on the specific hardware. The second hand market is so iffy about giving enough info to do hardware research with stuff like Linux hardware probe.
I would install Fedora, then Linux hardware probe and do a scan, then attach that info. This would be worth more than most descriptions and likely generate more interest. If you sell W10 at this point, you're looking for someone gullible enough to buy something useless in just 4 months from now. With Fedora it is still a fully ownable machine with a long and bright future.
I understand where you're coming from, but again, I'm trying to sell this quickly through Facebook marketplace or the like. I don't think I'm gonna have a wide audience for people looking for a Linux based laptop that are local and offering cash.