It’s turned up.
Turn it down.
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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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It’s turned up.
Turn it down.
Not sure, but maybe this is a pipewire vs pulseaudio thing. Enable pipewire on Debian
Debian 12 with Gnome uses pipewire for audio.
Sounds like the gain is way different on your input.
Too high will cause increased levels of distortion
use a mixer application (there are a lot) and check the levels and if maybe a gain boost is activated (not all hardware has it)