Ubuntu LTS
You seem to have actual work to do on Linux and a large suite of software to get working. This will be your most significant challenge. Ubuntu is one of the default targets for nearly all software projects, open source or proprietary and if there's any documentation or information, Ubuntu will be in it. This alone will give give you a ton of mileage. You probably don't want to add the difficulty of figuring out why something written and tested for Ubuntu doesn't work on another distro. Resources like wiki.ubuntu.com, help.ubuntu.com, askubuntu.com and discourse.ubuntu.com are there to help.