Large cable trays that run the entire length of the desk. Get a industrial power bar that also goes the entire length of the desk, put the power bar under the desk or on top (your preference)
For your misc cables get a cable holder and glue it or screw it into the back edge the of the desk, put a fishing weight on each cable off the desk, so it will slowly zip all the way back to the cable holder if you unplug something.
Some cables are good, they should just look intentional.
Any cable that doesn't need to move, you can just stuff in the cable tray. If you want extra points use cheap velcro strips, or zip ties to wrap the cables to the correct length in the tray.
I believe in a living setup you can modify at will, so the trays are a must to just get stuff done and not spend hours messing with cabling.