this post was submitted on 15 Jul 2024
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Science Memes

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[–] [email protected] 87 points 4 months ago (3 children)

It will be radioactive forever. The question is where you put the threshold, which is fairly arbitrary.

[–] [email protected] 37 points 4 months ago (2 children)

Eh, it could be non-radioactive next week. That's not very likely, but it could be

[–] [email protected] 25 points 4 months ago (2 children)

eh, i could randomly teleport to the moon suddently, but things like theese are unlikely enough to be in effect completely and utterly impossible.

[–] [email protected] 13 points 4 months ago

!remindme 10^10^10 universe lifetimes

[–] [email protected] 7 points 4 months ago

I could also phase through a wall by sheer coincidence of all my molecules missing the molecules of the wall, but yeah, not going to happen unfortunately

[–] [email protected] 6 points 4 months ago

It would imply a significant energy release within a short time in order to become non-radioactive right?

[–] [email protected] 21 points 4 months ago (1 children)

If you only think about half live then yes it would be radioactive forever but in reality after a long time every atom would've decayed into non radioactive elements.

You can even calculate the expected time it would take for the random process of decay to terminate.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (1 children)

"after a long time" - that is exactly my point. Where do you draw the line? It will never be non-radioactive, which the headline suggest would be the case in 1'500 years. As far as we know, everything might decay after some time. It will always have some Radon get trapped in it. Scatter some cosmic rays. Blablabla.

[–] [email protected] 11 points 4 months ago (1 children)

By that logic, everything withing a few kilometers of the surface is radioactive, especially all life. That's not a useful definition of radioactive.

[–] [email protected] 8 points 4 months ago

Hence my post, the relevant metric is "how much", not "if".

[–] [email protected] 3 points 4 months ago

I wonder how long it would take for the radioactivity to be indistinguishable from the atmospheric average.

[–] [email protected] 21 points 4 months ago (9 children)

How is Chernobyl safe for wildlife now, but this book is still dangerous?

[–] [email protected] 49 points 4 months ago (2 children)

Um, Chernobyl is still extremely radioactive. You probably mean the exclusion zone which is really not that bad, there's even tourists going there. But it's still not recommended to live there due to cumulative exposure.

[–] [email protected] 8 points 4 months ago (4 children)

So the site itself is still deadly, but the areas around it are not? Would that be the case for a nuclear attack as well? Like ground zero would stay deadly but the rest of the city would be safe a few decades later? I just realized that I don't actually know very much about nuclear fallout. How are Hiroshima and Nagasaki safe?

[–] [email protected] 13 points 4 months ago

Complex topic. It would depend on the bomb in question. Some are more "dirty" than others.

[–] [email protected] 9 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

The clouds of radioactive gases carry radiated dust particles that are carried by winds and settle on the ground, roofs, etc (fallout). That's why after Chernobyl or the Japanese cities were attacked it was very important which way the wind was pushing the clouds carrying the tiny debris, ash, and dust and how the Chernobyl disaster was detected by other countries in the path.

You probably also want to avoid trying to grow any crops in the area because one way to deal with the radioactive dust is to bury it under the top soil, and buildings that have been closed since Chernobyl that still have the dust trapped inside are still very dangerous.

Edit: the bombs in Japan exploded high above the ground to maximize damage and minimize fallout. The gases were carrying less radiated particles, and mostly dispersed after the initial blast or carried by winds. The gases over Chernobyl kept going until the fires were out.

[–] [email protected] 6 points 4 months ago

It's been a couple of decades since I watched the documentary so maybe my memory is betraying me but from what I remember the bombs dropped on Japan didn't touch the ground. They detonated in the air so there technically isn't a ground zero.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

Generally the really nasty gamma emitting fission products lose their nastiness after a couple of months. Their half lives tend to be counted in hours.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago (1 children)

Interesting video on Chernobyl and the people still living in the exclusion zone.

https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20140116-cooking-in-the-danger-zone-chernobyl

I can't watch the video via the BBC site but it exists elsewhere.

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[–] [email protected] 30 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

they didn't say the book is dangerous, they said it's radioactive

[–] [email protected] 24 points 4 months ago (3 children)

Marie Curie studied radioactivity with pure and very active materials with no protection. The radioactivity of the notebook is indirect radioactivity, that is material that becomes radioactive after being exposed to powerful ionizing radiations. It must be noted that the notebook may not be deadly radioactive. And if it will be for 1500 years, it won't be deadly for 1500 years. For reference, bananas tend to be radioactive too. And you are exposed to ionizing radiations when you take the plane.

Chernobyl had two reactors burn iirc. Most of the radioactive material was in the reactor, but the fire made smoke out of radioactive materials. The quantity of smoke, in kg, that go out was significant, but it got diluted in the atmosphere and spread. Which means there wasn't so much dust, in mass, that got in any one place. The dust is also not only uranium, but a combination of uranium and materials that were contaminated like the notebook. With the rain, the dust was washed and distributed more, and with the time, materials become less and less radioactive.

Both the book and chernobyl are not dangerously radioactive. But because of the nature of radioactivity, care must always be taken.

[–] [email protected] 10 points 4 months ago (2 children)

They're contaminated, not neutron activated. The curies didn't get to the point of developing an unshielded nuclear reactor that would sufficiently neutron activate their stuff. They just liked to carry around radium and polonium which also have decay products that themselves are radioactive and they contaminated everything.

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[–] [email protected] 3 points 4 months ago

Thanks for the great answer!

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (6 children)

Ionizing radiation can't produce secondary radioactivity in materials...

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[–] [email protected] 16 points 4 months ago (1 children)

Chernobyl was made into a TV show while this book appears to be just a book.

[–] [email protected] 11 points 4 months ago

So if we make a movie about this book then it can be handled again? Or does it have to be a full 10 hour show?

[–] [email protected] 9 points 4 months ago (3 children)

It isn't "safe" it's "safe enough" for limited visits to the exclusion zone and VERY limited visits to the sarcophagus that enclosed the old reactor

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[–] [email protected] 7 points 4 months ago (1 children)

fun fact: the other three reactors in Chernobyl were put in operation again AFTER reactor 4 blew up
I believe the last one for 14 additional years

how safe that was is another question though

[–] [email protected] 7 points 4 months ago (1 children)

I think we can safely say with hindsight, it was very safe. Reactor 4 was caused by a fluke of circumstances and a few mistakes. It was otherwise a very safe reactor. Once they understood the failure they are able to adjust protocol to ensure it doesn't happen again. It made the other reactors even safer.

The same thing happened with three mile island. Unit 1 safely continued operation until 2019, which only stopped because of financial pressures (competition with Methane), not because anything was wrong.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 4 months ago

I mean, RBMK based reactors are still in use today, no?

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago

Different radioactive materials have different half-life periods.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 4 months ago

The wildlife is just left alone, I wouldn't call it safe from radiation, they still have a higher incidence of mutations than animals outside the contaminated zones. It's just that some radiation and no humans, happens to be better for wildlife than no radiation and lots of humans.

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[–] [email protected] 14 points 4 months ago (1 children)

It looks like they were super lazy and took the half life of the longest lived isotope of radium (226


approx 1600 years) minus its age (approx 100 years) to get to 1,500 years.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

I'm guessing we don't know the particulars of what radium isotope Curie was working with?

[–] [email protected] 14 points 4 months ago (2 children)

There's a couple of YouTube videos where urban explorers re-visited Chernobyl many years after the accident. They explored the area around the plant and visited the hospital where Russian firefighters were taken after they were exposed to debris from the reactor's core.

Their clothing was seriously contaminated and was removed and stored in a room in the hospital's basement. The explorers visited the basement where the clothing is still stored today. They didn't get close to the clothing because it is still contaminated. As in, "not safe to enter the room" contaminated.

[–] [email protected] 10 points 4 months ago (1 children)

It should be noted that big chunks of radioactive materials are generally safe same with just generally high radiation under a certain threshold, we are illuminated by a big ball of fuck you radiation after all. The problem is radioactive dust and particulates, once its in your body you are fucked and its pretty random on what amount will kill you. This is what happened to those Russian dumbasses who dug trenches around Chernobyl, they breathed in radioactive dust and it wreaked havoc on their bodies. This is also one of the main reasons you wear gas masks around such things.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 4 months ago (1 children)

If it’s an alpha or beta emitter, sure, you’re probably fine standing near it. But if you find yourself next to a chunk of a gamma emitter, you should probably run away very quickly

[–] [email protected] 3 points 4 months ago

But I want to be big green and smash.

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[–] [email protected] 6 points 4 months ago

"Just remember, don't put your tubes in your pantaloon"

[–] [email protected] 3 points 4 months ago (5 children)

Is there a way to de-radioactivize it faster?

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[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

🎶Welcome to the new age, to the new age , la la la la🎵🎶

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